Sight Savers International

Sight Savers International
For someone who is blind, the gift of sight is the greatest gift of all!

Friday, 7 December 2007

Samba / Brazil

Samba

Samba brings about happiness, peace and harmony as well as laughter and is definitely relaxing and fun.

Samba is one of the most popular forms of music in Brazil.

Samba's roots come from Africa.


Typical instruments used to create the samba sound: surdo, tan-tan, pandeiro, cavaco, violao, tamborium, cuica, repinique, caixa, chocalho, agogo, apito, timbale & banjo.

The Origin of samba music history in Brazil, which today can be seen in awe at the vibrant Brazilian carnivals, can be found in Angola,Africa, from where it was brought to Brazil with the slave trading in the interval 1600-1888.

The word Brazilian Samba comes from Quimbundo language (the language of the area that became Angola) as “semba” and can mean several things. One meaning is to pray, or invoke the spirits of the ancestors, or the Gods of African pantheon. Samba could also be a complaint, a cry, or something like "the blues". Still another meaning is something of a “navel bump” which depicts the intimacy and "invitation" to dance. Today the word can also be a verb in Brazil as in “sambar” which is to samba (To dance samba)

The origin of Samba music has a lot of similarities with Mambo and Salsa, which are undeniably linked to slavery and the religious traditions of West Africa.

Though the people of Africa, samba history evolved by singing, dancing and rhythms which had ties into rituals culture and religion. You also find the samba rhythms in Capoeira (Brazilian martial arts / dance) and the Candomble (Religion from Africa), which today are a part of Brazilian culture and Brazil religion.

As the West Africans were forced into slavery in the strange foreign land of Brazil, the origin of samba music was preserved in their religious traditions by making them part of their daily life.
The governing forces demanded Christianity of their slaves and prohibited executions of worship to their orixá (their god / saint, protector and helper). To the African, dance and song is worship. So what the slaves did was to camouflage the ceremonies as parties with dancing.

The authorities weren’t fooled that easily and even up until the early twentieth century, police often raided "suspect parties". The need for secrecy made it necessary to conceal the meaning of certain dances and songs from the uninitiated. At times, to the annoyance of the "tias" (Candomble priestess, means aunt in english), musicians revealed and at the same time preserved the secret rhythms by mixing them with more accepted musical forms.

Candomble and the mixing with other music gave rise to a series of dances in the twentieth century, among them the origin of Samba music. To adherents of Candomble, the word Samba, means to pray, to invoke your personal orixá (god).

With the abolition of Brazil slavery in 1888, came a greater mobility for the population of Bahia (The state in which the city of Salvador lies and which was the primary target of the slave traffic). Many fled south, using samba as a way to survive. Samba is believed to have spread to Rio some time after 1889


Christ the Redeemer
Iguacu Falls


Brazil
Capital: Brasilia
Largest Cities: Sao Paolo & Rio de Janeiro
President: Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva
Independence from Portugal 7 Sept. 1822, as a Republic 15 Nov. 1889

Brazil has the largest population in South America and is the fifth most populous country in the world. The people are diverse in origin, and Brazil often boasts that the new “race” of Brazilians is a successful amalgam of African, European, and indigenous strains, a claim that is truer in the social than the political or economic realm. More than half the population is of European descent, while another 40% are of mixed African and European ancestry. Portuguese is the official language and nearly universal; English is widely taught as a second language. Most of the estimated 150,000 indigenous peoples (chiefly of Tupí or Guarani linguistic stock) are found in the rain forests of the Amazon River basin; 12% of Brazil's land has been set aside as indigenous areas. About 75% of the population is at least nominally Roman Catholic there.

9 comments:

Anonymous said...

YndHjh [url=http://cheapggboots.com/] cheap uggs[/url] YplNab TjtBnc http://cheapggboots.com/ PzyOud OjfHrv [url=http://parka2013.com/] canada goose jackets[/url] UqySox MmvPem http://parka2013.com/ GmfZgl SpsVzi [url=http://cagoosehome.com/]canada goose jackets[/url] CjqHyl QmwMwa http://cagoosehome.com/ HrhTim MitCuy [url=http://jackets-2012.com/]Canada Goose Jackets[/url] UuiTvk NlaMck http://jackets-2012.com/ GbkOna TqaEag [url=http://gooseoutlet2013.com/]Canada Goose Outlet[/url] AfkFsj ZkwAcv http://gooseoutlet2013.com/ BxeDyo WyhDdx [url=http://jacketsca.com/]canada goose praka[/url] PanZyj KzgQcv http://jacketsca.com/ ZwsUxz

Anonymous said...

SjtWgy [url=http://ukbootshopon.com/]cheap ugg shoes[/url] PubAds http://ukbootshopon.com/

Anonymous said...

KqmPjs [url=http://ukbootshopon.com/]amazon ugg boots[/url] NriTwn http://ukbootshopon.com/

Anonymous said...

The images showcased are of the beautiful vineyards and the wine making process. ugg The Fashion Design Program at CCA allows students to focus on sustainability, innovation, conceptual development, and interdisciplinarity-all of which inspires new approaches to an established profession. ugg slippers applicants. north face coats It requires a lot of creativity as the job demands creating original designs after studying new trends in the market. ghd uk It is called a tw dress.

Anonymous said...

Thunderbolt. north face coats Our concerns relate to Cato's autonomy and are well laid out here by Bob Levy. http://www.oneghdhair.com This is fairly traditional of course, but the important thing is that conversion rates are much, much higher than average because by the time a player has decided to turn their fantasy purchase into a real one, they have already experimented with it, shared it with friends, discussed it and thought about it.. north face outlet During my weekend stay on Naoshima in June, I unfortunately didn't have a chance to venture inside and bathe amidst the unique objects that make up Ohtake's interior design: an aircraft cockpit, the bottom of a ship, an elephant statue and various shunga erotic prints. ghd diamond edition But the problem with that approach is that it doesn sit firmly in any camp, so it difficult to recommend for any particular purpose.

Anonymous said...

One winter morning I got dressed to go to practice and then looked in the mirror. ugg boots Apparently, Stardoll has more than 20 33 million users and Ryan is more popular than Beckham. ugg boots on sale After Blake death, Catherine moved to Tatham house as a housekeeper. http://www.verynorthface.com This is known as the "power tie" look and is still used by many public figures today when they want to capture their audience attention; even President Barack Obama uses the power tie look to his advantage.. ghd hair straightener Convertible garments work perfectly for folks in places where winters are relatively mild.

Anonymous said...

For further information call us at: (562) 536-9880. http://www.manyghdhair.com I wish i could grow the type of tomato tree i wanted next to the ocean. north face backpacks One finds a Giovanni Bedin for Worth Couture black gold chantilly dress from A/W 2010, as well as an original Worth silk gown with lace ca. north face jackets Do you private a pet cat? In scenario you do, I am distinct you ran into a classical difficulty: Do you want to make it possible for your kitty to go out or not? The remedy to this trouble is determined by plenty of aspects. ugg boots sale Going along with this Fashion Capitols tend to be cities with a very active art, entertainment, and cultural scene, making it an appealing place for people to visit and a dynamic place to keep the creativity and inspiration blooming.

Anonymous said...

Her works have won honorary acclaim in state jury shows and have been exhibited in several fine art museums in 'The Great Southwest' and New York, New Jersey. ghd australia Even if perfect correlations don always exist between what I read and what I like to eat, there are certain commonalities that can provide the foundations for some surprising and maybe even serendipitous discovery.. ghd hair straighteners With a purpose of delivering innovative solutions for healthier lives and happier homes, RB is in the top 25 of companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. ghd nz sale As a conclusion, butterfly brooches are elegant, unique and can be a luxury type of fashion jewelry.. ugg sale Gemstones beads come in different gems, colors, sizes and shapes.

Anonymous said...

During my journey in becoming a professional fashion designer, I learned that I should learn to be dependable to others and I decided to asked for help from my friend so she undoubtedly helped me.. http://www.verynorthface.com Without further ado, here are three runway inspired eye makeup tricks you can do at home:. http://www.morenorthface.com So, then you start grad life at MIT with the weight of the world expectations on you. ghd straighteners Bayard Winthrop, founder and CEO of the San Francisco-based menswear company American-Giant, said this means a huge part of building a fashion brand is creating word-of-mouth buzz. ugg boots So far, however, I not seeing the innovation I would have hoped for from this partnership Nole outfits are boring compared to his game..